Businesses and governments in Maine and across the country rely on charitable nonprofits to help build the communities we want and address our fellow residents’ critical needs. These organizations rely on steady funding, stable laws and consistent court decisions to advance their missions and be the reliable partner that businesses and governments expect. As nonprofits evaluate the past year while looking ahead to 2019, uncertainty and change are the only constants; the outcomes of public policy challenges in the coming months will tip the difference in whether nonprofits can live up to business expectations and perform under government grants and contracts.
The issue grabbing most of the headlines is how the 2017 federal tax law will affect charitable giving and, thus, services in communities. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is predicted to cause 21 million fewer taxpayers to claim itemized deductions, meaning that giving to the work of charitable organizations could drop by anywhere from $17 billion to $21 billion every year. Fewer resources mean fewer people served, less engagement in communities and reduced purchases from local businesses by nonprofits and their employees. There are steps that Congress could take to prevent this decline – such as enacting a universal or non-itemizer charitable deduction that would enable all American taxpayers to benefit for giving to charitable works, regardless of whether they itemize or take the standard deduction.
But in addition to reducing giving, the 2017 tax law also imposes new taxes on tax-exempt organizations. In order to raise revenues to pay for other tax cuts, charitable organizations, houses of worship, foundations and all other nonprofits must now pay a 21 percent income tax on some of the expenses they and their employees have for transportation benefits, such as parking and Greater Portland Metro passes.
Another tax targeting nonprofits requires them to pay taxes on each unrelated business activity, and, unlike for-profit businesses, nonprofits are now prohibited from applying the losses of one business line to cancel out profits in another “trade or business.” Both of these discriminatory taxes are expected to divert billions from missions and communities across the country at a time when revenues from charitable giving are also predicted to decline.
As consummate optimists and natural problem solvers, nonprofits are looking to fix these challenges and reverse the trends they may launch. Yet it doesn’t take a political scientist to realize that split government in Washington, D.C., means that big policy changes are off the table for the next two years. There’s hope for repealing the new taxes, with business community help. But what of the other big challenges, such as reforming social services programs and entitlements, fixing federal grant-making and contracting systems, and balancing sound employment policies that directly affect operations and the well-being of employees?
According to the Maine Association of Nonprofits’ new “Adding Up Impact” report, Maine nonprofits represent one in six Maine workers and contribute $12 billion annually to the economy. They are the foundation for Maine’s innovation and creative economies, which attract much-needed talent and business to the state, and they sustain the unique character and qualities of our communities that make Maine such an enviable place to live, work and visit.
Charitable organizations recognize the same realities as others in the business community: To get anything done in the coming years, the action will be in state houses and city halls. Simply put, Mainers need to look to Augusta, not Washington, for solutions.
Charitable nonprofits will be looking to promote fiscally sound tax incentives for giving back, improved public policies that recognize and reflect the unique, cost-saving contributions that nonprofits make to the economy every day, streamlined processes to allow for more effective public-private partnerships, and workplace laws that treat nonprofits as equals in building Maine’s quality of life.
These are policy goals that nonprofits and all businesses in the state probably support. These challenges provide many opportunities for businesses of all stripes – for-profit and nonprofit alike – to unite for the well-being of Maine’s residents and the state’s economy.
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